Updated on Oct. 4 at 7 p.m. ET
Keith Gaddie has "hung up his spurs."
The election expert from the University of Oklahoma no longer helps state legislatures draw new district lines to maximize their partisan advantage.
He was still wearing those spurs in 2011 when he provided data that helped Wisconsin Republicans enact a legislative redistricting plan aimed at maximizing their power for the foreseeable future.
But now he has reversed course and filed a brief in the U.S. Supreme Court arguing that the practice is undemocratic.